Research Report

The general gap that I identified is the gap between art graduates and mature, self-supporting artists. Art graduates usually face employment difficulties after graduation, while some successful artists develop their careers all-around way. But no ‘rope’ can guide art graduates and tell them how to plan their careers and what abilities they need.

However, I do not identify this gap at the beginning. At the very first of this project, the observation that I placed is about the problematic employment of Art graduates. I try to help art students sell their artworks better, from operating commercial social accounts to generate purchase behaviour to let the audience better understand the work when viewing the painting. Throughout the whole process, I verified and evaluated my research question. Finally, after independent study, I clarified the observation I identified as the ‘rope’ I mentioned before.

During the independent study period, my research question is how can I increase the audience’s experience when visiting the exhibition to better understand and connect with the artwork? Especially for some abstract paintings, the incomprehension is a big reason for the lack of connection and resonance. And I want to strengthen this connection to narrow the distance between Art and the public, thereby increasing the audience of Art and potential customers who buy Art. In the long run, this is also helping to solve the problem of employment difficulties for art students.

I tried to use multi-sensory experiences to help the audience resonate and understand the artwork more. Therefore, in my secondary research section, I check the related theories and relative works in this area to determine whether I can do something different. For example, from the book ‘Seven Days in The Art World’, I started to think about the distance, connection, and resonance between Art and the public. Then, when defining resonance, I described resonance as arousing the audience’s thoughts and memories after reading an article named ‘Art reaches within aesthetic experience, the self and the default mode network’. Besides, I researched Bauhaus Color Theory, Kandinsky’s work and Newton’s Musical Color Wheel, which inspired me to conduct my intervention.

In addition, I visited some exhibitions and talk with my stakeholders as my primary research to acquire relative information from my angle. For instance, I visited Catrin Huber’s exhibition and found the Tate Sensorium exhibition online. Both of these two exhibitions have a multi-sensory part for the audience. But I think Catrin’s use of multimedia technology is to display works more comprehensively than to strengthen the resonance of the audience. Similarly, as a commercial exhibition, the Tate Sensorium exhibition has made some attempts with multiple senses, but I think their gimmick is more than trying to assist the delivery of the content of the work and assist the audience’s understanding.

Moreover, I use interventions to verify my questions and use questionnaires to collect feedback. I have experienced four interventions, and my audiences are those who like Art and have a hobby of watching exhibitions. At first, I created background sound based on the content of an abstract painting to test whether it can give audiences more imagination and generate purchase behaviour. But in this way, it is hard to tell whether the audience buys the artwork itself or the whole experience.

So next, I invited audiences to create sound by themselves. The feedback shows that they have more resonance, but they have no desire to buy it. Through the feedback, I noticed that there is no direct connection between the resonance and the generation of buying behaviour. After that, I am no longer taking buying behaviour as the only goal but turning to the multi-sensory experience and better understanding. I combined Newton’s and Kandinsky’s theories, created a piece of melody based on a painting. This time, the results show that the melody cannot help them have more connection, and it will affect the original meaning of the painting.

Lately, I experimented with an actual exhibition hall through a friend’s pop up exhibition. This time I use sound to express the same emotions as the picture, instead of converting the contents into the corresponding instrument or sound as before. I put a QR code on the wall to acquire feedback, and it shows that some viewers think that the sound made more sense in the painting, and it complements the images. The questionnaire data shows that 60% of people think the voice is constructive, 40% think it helps to some extent, and 6.67% think it is not helpful. I think this feedback is more objective than the previous interventions. Because it is placed in an actual exhibition hall, and the feedback comes from people who visited the exhibition hall.

Overall, my strength is certain logical thinking skills and planning ability, from planning to implementation to collecting feedback. At the same time, I also have self-management skills and practical communication skills. During the independent study, I attended every tutorial and clearly express my process and thoughts with my tutor. However, I also have many shortcomings. For example, my self-reflection and summary ability and critical thinking need to be strengthened. Both in this MA course and after graduation, these two abilities are crucial. Equally, I have learned a lot about the project so far. First of all, I have a deeper understanding of the methodology of this MA course and the meaning of my project. It’s a spiral process that keeps asking questions, practicing, and then evolving through feedback. This process requires the ability of self-reflection and review as well. Secondly, it helps me better understand this industry and my career after I graduate. In the journey of unit two, through interventions from different angles and methods, I gradually found a direction to make my project more meaningful, which is to create a ‘rope’ for art graduates, instead of only from the perspective of the exhibition. Thirdly, I learned some new knowledge that I didn’t know before, such as Art market, Synesthesia, Colour-emotion associations, and Colour- sound associations and so on. Fourth, technically I learned how to use sound editing software.

Reach to a peer who did similar research

After I visited Laura’s graduation exhibition, I try to contact her. She always did research about sound, audience, interaction, engagement etc. The difference is that I am trying to use multi-senses to help other art students to better express their work and let the audience better understand their work, and in the long run, the distance between art and the public should be narrowed in this way, so as to increase the potential customers willing to buy art. But Laura is trying to use sound as a medium to express her mind and her art. But we can discuss how to apply the sound in a more different way.

Laura’s art work about sound

I interact with Laura’s work and I found that she is trying to record audiences sound in a special way. She is also try to use sound to connect and interact with audience. Then I found that her perviously work is mainly with sound and music. I try to contact with her since I am also did some research related sound. I am still waiting her reply..

Intervention 5 – Use sound as a medium to convey the same emotions as paintings – Feedback

I received 26 pieces of feedback on this intervention.

Compare to the previous exploration, this intervention is a relatively useful way to strengthen the audience’s connection and resonance when viewing the exhibition. The data shows that 50% of people think the background sound can help them get more into the paintings. And most people can understand what the artists tried to express correctly.

From the angle of helping the audience better understand artworks, it is a relatively effective way. Now, I am thinking about the next step. How can I push my project deeper and further?

Intervention 5 – Use sound as a medium to convey the same emotions as paintings – plan

A friend of mine who was studying in Newcastle recently had a staged pop-up show. After I communicated with him, he agreed with me to experiment with some sound. I think this is a good opportunity to experiment in a real place, and the audience is visiting the painting in a real space and hearing the sound at the same time.

His paintings are also relatively abstract paintings. The paintings I used in intervention 2 are his works as well.

After intervention 4, I thought that sound and painting are different media for expressing emotions. If they are used as different media to express the same emotion, even if there is no direct correspondence between the content they express (for example, the sound in my intervention 2 is mainly description The content of the painting), can it better convey the information?

  1. So the first thing I need to do is understand what the artist wants to convey in this series of artworks. He said:” The name of my series of works is ‘This Is What We Have Gone Through’. Before the pandemic improved, I came to a strange city alone as an international student. I have experienced a long time with myself, and I often feel very lonely. In this series of works, I ,as a recorder, use an artistic perspective to record the pandemic that I have experienced. What I saw, what I thought, and what I felt. The epidemic has changed the trajectory of many people’s lives, and I hope my works can also bring some thoughts to the audience.”
  2. Based on the interview with him and his paintings, I try to create the sound of ‘Lonely, wrapped and alienated’.
Version 1
Version 2

3. Testing the sound in the exhibition hall.

Color-Emotion Associations

Jonauskaite, D., Abu-Akel, A., Dael, N., Oberfeld, D., Abdel-Khalek, A.M., Al-Rasheed, A.S., Antonietti, J.-P., Bogushevskaya, V., Chamseddine, A., Chkonia, E., Corona, V., Fonseca-Pedrero, E., Griber, Y.A., Grimshaw, G., Hasan, A.A., Havelka, J., Hirnstein, M., Karlsson, B.S.A., Laurent, E. and Lindeman, M. (2020). Universal Patterns in Color-Emotion Associations Are Further Shaped by Linguistic and Geographic Proximity. Psychological Science, 31(10), pp.1245–1260.

Popova, M. (2012). Goethe on the Psychology of Color and Emotion. [online] The Marginalian. Available at: https://www.themarginalian.org/2012/08/17/goethe-theory-of-colours/ [Accessed 15 Aug. 2021].


International colour-emotion association survey: https://www.colourexperience.ch/ongoing-projects


Colour and Emotion – Goethe

YELLOW: In its highest purity it always carries with it the nature of brightness, and has a serene, gay, softly exciting character.

RED-YELLOW: The red-yellow gives an impression of warmth and gladness since it represents the hue of the intenser glow of the fire.

YELLOW-RED: In looking steadfastly at a perfectly yellow-red surface, the colour seems actually to penetrate the organ. It produces extreme excitement and still acts thus when somewhat darkened. A yellow-red cloth disturbs and enrages animals. I have known men of education to whom its effect was intolerable if they chanced to see a person dressed in a scarlet cloak on a grey, cloudy day.

BLUE: This colour has a peculiar and almost indescribable effect on the eye. As a hue it is powerful — but it is on the negative side, and in its highest purity is, as it were, a stimulating negation. Its appearance, then, is a kind of contradiction between excitement and repose.

RED-BLUE: Blue deepens very mildly into red, and thus acquires a somewhat active character, although it is on the passive side. Its exciting power is, however, of a different kind from that of the red-yellow. It may be said to disturb, rather than enliven.

BLUE-RED: This unquiet feeling increases as the hue progresses, and it may be safely assumed, that a carpet of a perfectly pure deep blue-red would be intolerable. On this account, when it is used for dress, ribbons, or other ornaments, it is employed in a very attenuated and light state, and thus displays its character as above defined, in a peculiarly attractive manner.

RED: The effect of this colour is as peculiar as its nature. It conveys an impression of gravity and dignity, and at the same time of grace and attractiveness. 

GREEN: The eye experiences a distinctly grateful impression from this colour. If the two elementary colours are mixed in perfect equality so that neither predominates, the eye and the mind repose on the result of this junction as upon a simple colour. The beholder has neither the wish nor the power to imagine a state beyond it. 

Intervention 4 – Add melody based on different color-music theory – Feedbacks

1. Please use 3 keywords to describe how you feel after seeing this painting.

A:Hot; Planet; Confused

B:Retro; Psychedelic; Serious

C:Mysterious; Chaotic; Unbalanced

D:Moon; Universe; Touch

E:Space; Remote; Hot

2. Please describe the degree to which you feel connected to this painting from 1 to 5?

3. Please use 3 keywords to describe how you feel after watching the video?

A: Industrial pollution; Steam siren; Noise

B: Serious; Sci-fi; Future

C: Scary; Profound; Supernatural

D: Sad; Countdown; Destination

E: No feelings

4. Please describe the degree to which you feel connected to this painting from 1 to 5?

5. How do you feel about music?

A: Busy port.

B: Serious; it feels like a prelude to a major event.

C: I think it’s mysterious and detached from reality.

D: Sad.

E: Feel like mining.


  • Comparing the two scoring charts, three people felt that the connection became stronger, and one even felt that the addition of music made him feel less connection.
  • Comparing the two keywords, I found that after adding music, the audience’s understanding did not change much. Some words are the same (orange part); some words are guided by sound, such as the sound of siren and countdown ( The blue part); some people even think that adding sound will make it feel-less.
  • There are many researches on the relationship of sound and color, and their theories will be influenced by the author’s own background, cultural environment, time and other factors. Therefore, to a certain extent, what music represents and what color is a subjective personal point of view, and it is not universal.
  • Sound and images are different media that can give different sensory stimuli. For the next step, I want to test if I use these two media to express the same emotion, even if there is no corresponding relationship between the two, will it enhance the transmission of information?

Intervention 4 – Add melody based on different color-music theory – Plan

Nomura, J., 1998. Commodity color theory – the study of utility development by color. Chikura Shobo.

For this intervention, The painting I chose comes from my friend. He is an art student who is studying surreal painting recently.

Step 1: Choose the instrument’s sound, note and scale.

1. What instrument’s sound should I choose?

I extracted the four main colors in this work (Vermillion, Dark blue, Yellow and black.) and referred to Kandinsky’s color theory. The Tuba represents vermilion, the cello represents dark blue and the trumpet represents yellow.

2. Which note in C major should I choose? (do,re,mi,fa,so,la,si)

I referred to Newton’s Musical Color Wheel. Vermilion- E (re), Blue- A (so), Yellow-F (mi).

3. Which scale sound should I choose?

Nomura (1985) “Commodity Color Theory” explains the scale and color listening: “From all the scales, the high scale tends to be bright and smooth, and the children’s scale is normalized to light and dark colors, and the strongest tone is Will be close to this color, the weakest tone color is newly blurred, and is close to the target; the scale of the flat semitone will remind people of the warm color system, the scale of the sharp semitone is the color system; the gentle music music singer blue association, fast Rhythmic music has a red association; high notes represent bright colors, while low notes are dull.”

This is about ideasthesia. From the perspective of lightness, dark colors are bass and bright colors are treble. Because this painting has a deeper feeling overall, I will use a lower tone.

Step 2: Using virtual instrument to create sound

Refer to the sound of different instruments in youtube:

Step 3 : Combine music and painting

Step 4: Design questionnaire to collect feedbacks